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Ziagen 300mg Tablet
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Indications & Clinical Uses
- Ziagen 300 mg tablets contain abacavir (as abacavir sulfate), a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) antiretroviral.
- It is used together with other antiretroviral medicines to treat HIV-1 infection in adults and in children aged 3 months and older.
- The usual adult dose is 600 mg daily, taken either as 300 mg twice a day or 600 mg once a day; children are dosed by weight.
- Ziagen is also available as a 20 mg/mL oral solution, and abacavir is contained in several fixed-dose combination products, so the tablet strength, formulation and any other abacavir-containing medicines you take should be checked to avoid duplicate doses.
- Ziagen does not cure HIV infection and must always be used in combination.
Side Effects
- The most common side effects in adults were nausea (19%), headache (13%), and tiredness or general malaise (12%), and others included sleep disturbances or dreams, diarrhea, rash, dizziness and muscle or joint pain.
- BOXED WARNING: serious and sometimes fatal hypersensitivity reactions, with multiple organ involvement, can occur with Ziagen.
- People who carry the HLA-B*5701 gene variant are at higher risk, and Ziagen must not be used if you have this variant or have ever had a hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir.
- Call your healthcare provider straight away if you develop symptoms such as fever, rash, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, unusual tiredness, aches or breathing problems.
- Never restart Ziagen or any abacavir-containing medicine after a suspected reaction, as severe symptoms or death may occur within hours.
- Other serious effects include lactic acidosis with an enlarged liver, immune reconstitution syndrome and possibly heart attack.
Precautions & Warnings
- Before starting Ziagen, you should be tested for the HLA-B*5701 allele.
- It is contraindicated in people who carry it, who have had a prior hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir, or who have moderate or severe liver impairment.
- In mild liver impairment the dose is reduced.
- Stop Ziagen immediately if hypersensitivity is suspected, and never take it again.
- Tell your provider about liver disease, heart disease or risk factors for heart attack, and report symptoms of lactic acidosis such as unusual muscle pain, fast breathing or nausea.
- Immune reconstitution syndrome may cause inflammation from hidden infections as your immune system recovers.
- Registry data show no increased risk of birth defects from abacavir in pregnancy, but discuss pregnancy plans with your provider.
- Breastfeeding is not recommended where HIV can be passed through breast milk.
- Store the tablets at 20 to 25 degrees C.
Avoid Interactions
- Medicines and substances that can increase the effect or toxicity of Ziagen: alcohol, which increases abacavir exposure (AUC) by about 41 percent, so discuss your alcohol intake with your provider.
- Ziagen can affect other medicines: it may increase the clearance of methadone, so your methadone dose may need review, and it may increase exposure to riociguat, which may require a lower riociguat dose.
- No interacting medicines that reduce the efficacy of Ziagen were identified in the sources reviewed.
- Do not take Ziagen together with other abacavir-containing products, including combination tablets, unless your provider has told you to.
- Tell your healthcare provider and pharmacist about all prescription medicines, over-the-counter products, herbal remedies and supplements you use.
References
Frequently Asked Questions
Ziagen (abacavir) is an antiretroviral tablet used with other HIV medicines to treat HIV-1 infection in adults and children aged 3 months and older. It helps control the virus but is not a cure, and it must never be taken alone.
Ziagen (abacavir) 300 mg is taken by mouth. Adults take 300 mg twice daily or 600 mg once daily, always with other HIV medicines. Children's doses are based on body weight. Do not take other abacavir-containing products, including combination tablets, unless your provider tells you to.
Common Ziagen (abacavir) side effects are nausea, headache, tiredness, sleep disturbances, diarrhea and rash. A boxed warning covers serious, sometimes fatal hypersensitivity reactions, mainly in people with HLA-B*5701. Call your provider straight away for fever, rash, vomiting, abdominal pain or breathlessness.
Never restart Ziagen (abacavir) or any abacavir medicine after a suspected hypersensitivity reaction. Limit alcohol, which raises abacavir levels by about 41 percent. Tell your provider if you take methadone or riociguat, as their doses may need adjusting. Ask before starting any new medicine or supplement.
Yes. Before starting Ziagen (abacavir), you should be tested for the HLA-B*5701 gene variant. Ziagen must not be used if you carry it, because of the risk of a serious or fatal hypersensitivity reaction. It is also contraindicated in moderate or severe liver impairment.
Registry data show no increased birth defect risk with Ziagen (abacavir) in pregnancy compared with the general population. Discuss pregnancy plans with your provider. Breastfeeding is not recommended where HIV can pass through breast milk. Tell your provider straight away if you become pregnant.
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